It has recently been postulated that a variety of growth factors may be released from cancellous bone after an acromioplasty. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of growth factors in the subacromial space after acromioplasty. Between October 2006 and March 2007, 23 patients underwent arthroscopic acromioplasty. A sample of at least 3 ml of fluid from the shoulder was obtained 15 min after the end of the procedure. At the same time another sample of 3 ml of the patient's venous blood was obtained as a control. The concentrations of growth factors in the fluids collected were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The growth factors assayed were platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF-AB), basic fibroblast growth factor basic (bFGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1). The concentrations of TGF-beta1 (p = 0.0001), PDGF-AB (p = 0.02), and bFGF (p <>
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan. kakudon@takii.kmu.ac.jp
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated changes in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 release from platelets by platelet-rich plasma activation, and the proliferation potential of activated platelet-rich plasma and platelet-poor plasma on human adipose-derived stem cells and human dermal fibroblasts. METHODS: Platelet-rich plasma was prepared using a double-spin method, with the number of platelets counted in each preparation stage. Platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma were activated with autologous thrombin and calcium chloride, and levels of platelet-released PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cells were cultured for 1, 4, or 7 days in serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium supplemented with 5% whole blood plasma, nonactivated platelet-rich plasma, nonactivated platelet-poor plasma, activated platelet-rich plasma, or activated platelet-poor plasma. In parallel, these cells were cultured for 1, 4, or 7 days in serum-free Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium supplemented with 1%, 5%, 10%, or 20% activated platelet-rich plasma. The cultured human adipose-derived stem cells and human dermal fibroblasts were assayed for proliferation. RESULTS: Platelet-rich plasma contained approximately 7.9 times as many platelets as whole blood, and its activation was associated with the release of large amounts of PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1. Adding activated platelet-rich or platelet-poor plasma significantly promoted the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells and human dermal fibroblasts. Adding 5% activated platelet-rich plasma to the medium maximally promoted cell proliferation, but activated platelet-rich plasma at 20% did not promote it. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet-rich plasma can enhance the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells and human dermal fibroblasts. These results support clinical platelet-rich plasma application for cell-based, soft-tissue engineering and wound healing.
